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The Home Energy Conservation Support Program in this study was developed by authors, available on the internet. This program was designed to promote residential energy conservation by encouraging family communication and rivalry a...
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The Home Energy Conservation Support Program in this study was developed by authors, available on the internet. This program was designed to promote residential energy conservation by encouraging family communication and rivalry against other families, and to get their energy consumption data sustainably for analysis. This paper describes the results of the program's performance evaluation through its implementation. The program members can obtain evaluation results about their energy consumption by inputting their monthly energy consumption data and also utilize the information obtained to save energy in the future. The estimated reduction rates in energy consumption of members suggest that the program has prompted energy-saving behavior among them, and that energy-saving for "lighting and electric appliances" is harder than for "heating". Additionally, this program demonstrated the possibility of sustained investigation on energy consumption characteristics.
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Energy conservation measures have been in practice in Kuwait since 1983, through a well defined code of practice enforced by the Ministry of Electricity and Water (MEW). Additional energy-efficient products and techniques develope...
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Energy conservation measures have been in practice in Kuwait since 1983, through a well defined code of practice enforced by the Ministry of Electricity and Water (MEW). Additional energy-efficient products and techniques developed thereafter, however, have not been intro- duced as the electricity is highly subsidized and the code has not been modified.
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Energy use per square foot from science research labs is disproportionately higher than that of other rooms in buildings on campuses across the nation. This is partly due to labs' use of energy intensive equipment. However, labora...
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Energy use per square foot from science research labs is disproportionately higher than that of other rooms in buildings on campuses across the nation. This is partly due to labs' use of energy intensive equipment. However, laboratory management and personnel behavior may be significant contributing factors to energy consumption. Despite an apparent increasing need for energy conservation in science labs, a systematic investigation of avenues promoting energy conservation behavior in such labs appears absent in scholarly literature. This paper reports the findings of a recent study into the energy conservation knowledge, attitude and behavior of principle investigators, laboratory managers, and student lab workers at a tier 1 research university. The study investigates potential barriers as well as promising avenues to reducing energy consumption in science laboratories. The findings revealed: (1) an apparent lack of information about options for energy conservation in science labs, (2) existing operational barriers, (3) economic issues as barriers/motivators of energy conservation and (4) a widespread notion that cutting edge science may be compromised by energy conservation initiatives.
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Reducing energy demand through energy efficiency (EE) policies is a key strategy in dealing with climate change and the energy needs of Southeast Asian countries (ASEAN). The industrial sector is the largest energy user sector and...
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Reducing energy demand through energy efficiency (EE) policies is a key strategy in dealing with climate change and the energy needs of Southeast Asian countries (ASEAN). The industrial sector is the largest energy user sector and has significant energy-saving potential through good and sustainable energy management. This research is intended to analyze the progress of energy-saving programs in several ASEAN countries through policies that have been made with a focus on large industries. Five steps will be carried out, namely: searching for data on total population, GDP and total final energy consumption; conducting analysis with indicators of energy intensity, per capita energy consumption and GDP productivity; comparing the EE programs of ASEAN countries; designing savings strategies; and determine sustainable energy indicators. As a result, the energy consumption of ASEAN countries during the 2016 to 2020 time period has mostly increased. The policies that have been taken have similarities such as the implementation of energy audit and management, the application of minimum equipment performance standards, and the funding of the EE program. ASEAN countries need cooperation and coordination to ensure readiness in welcoming the energy transition.
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While support instruments have succeeded to largely deploy renewables during the 1996-2008 period, little attention has been paid to energy efficiency measures, resulting in a high energy intensity and large growth of energy deman...
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While support instruments have succeeded to largely deploy renewables during the 1996-2008 period, little attention has been paid to energy efficiency measures, resulting in a high energy intensity and large growth of energy demand. Energy-related CO_2 emissions have increased significantly. At the same time, important investments in combined cycle gas turbines have taken place. This paper analyses whether, from a cost minimization viewpoint, renewable support has been the best policy for reducing emissions, when compared to the promotion of energy efficiency in sectors such as transportation or buildings. We use a model of the Spanish energy sector to examine its evolution in the time period considered under different policies. It is a bottom-up, static, partial equilibrium, linear programming model of the complete Spanish energy system. We conclude that demand side management (DSM) clearly dominates renewable energy (RE) support if the reduction of emissions at minimum cost is the only concern. We also quantify the savings that could have been achieved: a total of €5 billion per year, mainly in RE subsidies and in smaller costs of meeting the reduced demand (net of DSM implementation cost).
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This study examines the factors that influence households to adopt modifications recommended by home energy audits and whether these audits lead to significant reductions in, electricity use. Household decisions after the audits a...
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This study examines the factors that influence households to adopt modifications recommended by home energy audits and whether these audits lead to significant reductions in, electricity use. Household decisions after the audits are recorded along with the corresponding recommended modifications and the offers for co-funding. A discrete choice model of the household decision after the audit is estimated. The results indicate that the potential improvement in heating efficiency from the proposed modifications increase the probability of implementing conservation measures. Co-funding offers also significantly raise the odds of accepting the modifications but are relatively less important than anticipated efficiency improvements. Several approaches are used. to determine whether and how much energy is saved after the audits. Electricity demand models are estimated using data two years before and after each household audit. For households who decide to Modify their houses after the audit, monthly average-electricity use per square foot decreases 7%. While there is an estimated. 2% reduction in electricity use attributed to the audit by households who decided not to adopt the proposed modifications, this reduction is not statistically significant, casting doubt on the presence of modifications in behavior from the audit information itself. For all households audited, the results from the electricity demand models suggest that the LVE home energy audit program reduced household electricity use 4.7%. In contrast, a differences-in-differences approach using synthetic control groups based upon a smaller but. still sizeable sample of 2000 observations finds that home energy audits reduce household electricity use by more than 10%. Overall, these findings suggest that home audits result in modest but significant reductions in energy use and that co-funding encourages investments that otherwise may not be privately optimal. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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Purpose - This research contributes to the literature on workplace energy conservation by examining the predictors of individual employee behaviors and policy support in a university. The purpose of this research is to better unde...
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Purpose - This research contributes to the literature on workplace energy conservation by examining the predictors of individual employee behaviors and policy support in a university. The purpose of this research is to better understand what factors influence energy conservation behaviors in this setting to inform programs and interventions.
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Educational sector is growing drastically as a result of upward trend of population. These schools require tremendous quantities of energy units to be generated and consumed. As a result, this will impact negatively on the environ...
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Educational sector is growing drastically as a result of upward trend of population. These schools require tremendous quantities of energy units to be generated and consumed. As a result, this will impact negatively on the environment by increasing the carbon emissions and depletion of non-renewable energy resources. Moreover, the harsh climate condition contributes substantially to increase the energy consumption in various weather zones in the world. Therefore, several energy efficiency plans have been developed to improve the energy performance of the schools facilities globally. Hence, this paper discusses the energy management program as a sustainable strategy that applicable on the schools. This program is designed for the schools to improve the energy efficiency, indoor environmental quality and adopting the best management practices during the operating stages. This research has developed a customized energy management program for one of the schools in UAE. It has concluded the findings by using computerized hourly thermal modeling. The energy model has evaluated the proposed energy conservation measures and the best practices that were generated by the energy management program steps. This case shows that the energy performance could be improved substantially by 35%. Thus, the energy use index of the audited school that adopted the energy management program has reduced from 438 kWh/m(2)/year to 285 kWh/m2/year. The proposed energy management program has been articulated in this study as a consecutive and linear progression. This methodology presents several steps to mitigate the carbon emission by addressing the sustainability dimensions; economic, environment and social aspects. This study discusses the steps and the work flow of developing the energy management program and the anticipated outcomes for the school's buildings. The program considers practical ECMs along with the students and teachers participation and interaction. Furthermore, it highlights the success criteria that assure the sustainability of the energy efficiency at the operating life cycle of school's facilities. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Abstract Energy conservation through the implementation of energy efficient retrofit projects can be viewed as a series of investments with annual returns. These returns can be used to fund additional projects. However, planning f...
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Abstract Energy conservation through the implementation of energy efficient retrofit projects can be viewed as a series of investments with annual returns. These returns can be used to fund additional projects. However, planning for energy conservation ignoring the fluctuations in energy costs and uncertainty in the estimated savings severely impacts project selection and initial budget requests. These impacts drive returns and influence the ability to implement future projects. This paper demonstrates from the Agency perspective, how a risk-based, stochastic multi-period model with binary decision variables at each stage provides a much more accurate estimate for planning than traditional and deterministic models. This approach accounts for uncertainties while determining the proper budget request that minimizes risk of the worst outcomes. The practical application shows that agencies can adjust their risk appetites and make more cost-effective selections while considering the energy saving uncertainties. The application of stochastic optimization with the inclusion of risk to an important energy conservation problem makes the proposed model novel. Finally, while most portfolio selection and optimization problems seek to choose a proper mix of securities or projects, all must be selected here, making the timing the key selection criteria and further differentiates this proposed method.
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Energy Conservation Measure selection is made difficult given real-world constraints, limited resources to implement savings retrofits, various suppliers in the market and project financing alternatives. The most common method of ...
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Energy Conservation Measure selection is made difficult given real-world constraints, limited resources to implement savings retrofits, various suppliers in the market and project financing alternatives. The most common method of implementation planning is suboptimal. This paper presents a model that decision-makers can use to optimize the selection of energy conservation measures. The practical application should supplement current best practices for agencies concerned with making the most cost-effective selection.
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